GREAT LIFE Scientific Publications

The following scientific publications were supported by the GREAT-LIFE project.

Preliminary analysis of 98 genomic sequences of MPXV clade Ib cases from Burundi, July to September 2024
Nehemie Nzoyikorera and Bas Oude Munnink

A large mpox clade Ib virus outbreak started in the province of South Kivu in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and is rapidly geographically expanding to other areas within the DRC as well as to other countries surrounding the DRC. Especially Burundi is severely affected with close to 1531 confirmed cases of mpox Clade Ib virus infections since the first detection at the end of July 2024. In addition, travel related cases linked to east African countries have been identified in Germany, Kenya, India, Sweden and Thailand.

https://virological.org/t/preliminary-analysis-of-98-genomic-sequences-of-mpxv-clade-ib-cases-from-burundi-july-to-september-2024/987/1    19 November 2024

Monkeypox Clade Ib virus introduction into Burundi: first findings, July to mid-August 2024
Nzoyikorera et al. 2024

From May 2023, a sharp increase of mpox cases due to MPXV Clade I was observed across the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), with cases occurring in areas where MPXV had not prior been detected. Investigations indicated ongoing virus evolution and the co-circulation of several different Clade I MPXV sub-lineages in DRC. Subsequent epidemiological, sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses revealed that MPXV of Clade Ib was spreading geographically within the DRC and cases were detected in other countries like Burundi, India, Kenya, Rwanda, Sweden, Tanzania, Thailand and Uganda.

DOI:    https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.42.2400666   17 October 2024

Improved ability to utilize lactose and grow in milk as a potential explanation for emergence of the novel bovine Staphylococcus aureus ST5477
Aarestrup et al. 2024

Staphyloccous aureus belonging to sequence type 5477 have recently been identified as a predominant clone causing bovine mastitis in Rwanda and Tanzania. We compared nine S. aureus ST5477 to 17 isolates belonging to other sequence types by their biochemical profile and ability to acidify milk and grow in minimum media containing lactose. We found that ST5477 isolates all were positive in ONPG (o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside) test and negative for mannitol fermentation potentially challenging the correct identification of this sequence type as S. aureus.

DOI:   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151637    11 October 2024

Real-time PCR assay to detect the novel Clade Ib monkeypox virus, September 2023 to May 2024
Schuele et al. 2024

In 2022, a global outbreak of Clade II monkeypox virus (MPXV) spread to more than 111 countries that had not previously reported cases, predominantly affecting the community of men who have sex with men in Europe and the Americas. In the following year, the number of MPXV Clade I virus cases surged in Africa, with reports of more than 20,000 cases and 1,000 deaths spanning 25 of the 26 provinces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) by June 2024. We recently showed that part of this is due to a separate mpox outbreak, which started in September 2023 in the South Kivu province from mostly heterosexual transmission and caused by a highly divergent Clade I virus, now designated Clade Ib.

DOI:   https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.32.2400486   08 August 2024

Preliminary analysis of full genome sequences of 58 MPXV clade Ib cases from Kamituga and Kamanyola, South-Kivu , DRC
Bas B. Oude Munnink et al. 2024

Recently, we showed that the MPXV outbreak in South Kivu is associated with a novel sub- lineage of clade I viruses (Murhula Masirika et al, 2024). The majority of these cases seem to be transmitted through heterosexual contact, with also person-to-person transmission within and outside the households. Here we provide an update of the ongoing sequencing effort.

https://virological.org/t/preliminary-analysis-of-full-genome-sequences-of-58-mpxv-clade-ib-cases-from-kamituga-and-kamanyola-south-kivu-drc/975     05 August 2024

Ongoing mpox outbreak in Kamituga, South Kivu province, associated with monkeypox virus of a novel Clade I sub-lineage, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2024
Leandre Murhula Masirika et al. 2024

Since the beginning of 2023, the number of people with suspected monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection have sharply increased in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). We report near-to-complete MPXV genome sequences derived from six cases from the South Kivu province. Phylogenetic analyses reveal that the MPXV affecting the cases belongs to a novel Clade I sub-lineage. The outbreak strain genome lacks the target sequence of the probe and primers of a commonly used Clade I-specific real-time PCR.

DOI:    https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.11.2400106     14 March 2024